The key features of ECTS
ECTS is based on the convention that 60 credits measure the workload of a full-time student during one academic year. Workload refers to the notional time an average learner might expect to complete the required learning outcomes. Student workload in ECTS includes the time spent in attending lectures, seminars, independent study, projects, examinations, etc. Credits are allocated to all educational components of a study programme (such as modules, courses, placements, dissertation work, etc.) and reflect the quantity of work each component requires in relation to the total quantity of work necessary to complete a full year of study in a program.
Credit is also a way of quantifying the outcomes of learning. Learning outcomes are sets of competences, expressing what the student will know, understand or be able to do after completion of a process of learning, short or long. Credits in ECTS can only be obtained after completion of the work required and appropriate assessment of the learning outcomes achieved. Thus, credits are awarded only when a student passes the assessment of the work.
The allocation of ECTS credits is based on the official length of a study programme cycle. The total workload necessary to obtain a first cycle degree (bachelor's or undergraduate degree) officially lasting three years is expressed as 180 credits.